10 questions🇬🇧English
⚛️ Atomic Structure & Ionisation Energy – A-level
Chemistry · A-level — practises electron configurations, ionisation energy trends and mass spectrometry
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Questions
How many orbitals make up a p sub-shell?
1
6
5
3
20s
Which equation represents the first ionisation energy of an element X?
X(aq) → X⁺(aq) + e⁻
X(s) → X⁺(g) + e⁻
X(g) → X⁺(g) + e⁻
X(g) + e⁻ → X⁻(g)
20s
Why does the first ionisation energy decrease from magnesium to calcium?
The outer electron is further away and more shielded
The outer electron is in a p sub-shell
Paired electrons in the outer orbital repel
The nuclear charge decreases down the group
30s
What is the ground-state electron configuration of a chromium atom (Z = 24)?
[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹
[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²
[Ar] 3d⁴ 4s²
[Ar] 3d⁶
30s
What is the electron configuration of the Cu²⁺ ion (Cu has Z = 29)?
[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹
[Ar] 3d⁸ 4s¹
[Ar] 3d⁹
[Ar] 3d⁷ 4s²
30s
Why is the first ionisation energy of aluminium lower than that of magnesium?
Al loses an electron from a paired 3s orbital
Al has fewer electron shells than Mg
Al has a smaller nuclear charge than Mg
Al loses a 3p electron, higher in energy than 3s
30s
Why is the first ionisation energy of sulfur lower than that of phosphorus?
Sulfur's outer electron is shielded by more shells
Paired electrons in one 3p orbital repel each other
Sulfur's outer electron is in a 4s sub-shell
Sulfur has a smaller nuclear charge
30s
An element's first four ionisation energies (kJ mol⁻¹) are 578, 1817, 2745 and 11577. Which group is it in?
Group 14
Group 2
Group 13
Group 15
30s
A sample of magnesium is 79% ²⁴Mg, 10% ²⁵Mg and 11% ²⁶Mg. What is its relative atomic mass to 1 d.p.?
24.0
24.7
25.0
24.3
60s
Chlorine is ³⁵Cl and ³⁷Cl in a 3 : 1 ratio. What is the ratio of the Cl₂⁺ peaks at m/z 70, 72 and 74?
3 : 1 : 1
9 : 6 : 1
9 : 3 : 1
3 : 2 : 1
60s